{"id":7345,"date":"2021-11-09T21:50:02","date_gmt":"2021-11-09T20:50:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/?p=7345"},"modified":"2021-11-09T21:50:04","modified_gmt":"2021-11-09T20:50:04","slug":"komentar-o-povinnostech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/?p=7345","title":{"rendered":"Koment\u00e1\u0159: O povinnostech"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Plat\u00ed \u00faslov\u00ed, \u017ee svoboda jednotlivce kon\u010d\u00ed tam, kde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 svoboda jin\u00e9ho jednotlivce. V Listin\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a svobod, kter\u00e1 je spolu s \u00dastavou nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed norma v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice (a obdobn\u00e9 normy plat\u00ed vlastn\u011b v ka\u017ed\u00e9 civilizovan\u00e9 zemi) se p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd ob\u010dan m\u016f\u017ee \u010dinit v\u0161e, co mu nen\u00ed z\u00e1konem zak\u00e1z\u00e1no. Z dikce a smyslu Listiny a \u00dastavy plyne, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd ob\u010dan mus\u00ed plnit povinnosti, a to pouze ty, kter\u00e9 mu p\u0159ikazuje Z\u00e1kon. Tak\u017ee mus\u00edme platit dan\u011b, nesm\u00edme p\u00e1chat trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, mus\u00edme na silnici jezdit vpravo a dal\u0161\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed. M\u00e1me tedy jist\u00e9 psan\u00e9 povinnosti, kter\u00e9 bychom m\u011bli plnit. Ale m\u00e1me tak\u00e9 povinnosti i dal\u0161\u00ed, nepsan\u00e9. Ty vych\u00e1zej\u00ed ze zvyklost\u00ed nebo t\u0159eba mor\u00e1lky. Tak\u017ee je asi ka\u017ed\u00e9mu zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee m\u00e1 pomoci \u010dlov\u011bku, kter\u00fd upadne na ulici, nebo star\u0161\u00edmu \u010dlov\u011bku umo\u017enit sednout si ve vlaku apod. Je mnoho povinnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed z pocitu odpov\u011bdnosti a c\u00edt\u00ed je ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00e1m. Na konci t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed mnoho \u010cech\u016f a Slov\u00e1k\u016f vyjad\u0159ovalo tak silnou odpov\u011bdnost v\u016f\u010di sv\u00e9 vlasti, \u010ceskoslovensku, \u017ee za ni nev\u00e1hali polo\u017eit \u017eivot. Tito hrdinov\u00e9 c\u00edtili povinnost to ud\u011blat, i kdy\u017e jim to \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1kon nena\u0159izoval. V tehdej\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b to bylo norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se (na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed) posunuly hranice nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a zla z tehdej\u0161\u00edho z\u00e1pasu o \u017eivot a existenci do dne\u0161n\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b, kde o \u017eivot a existenci a\u017e tak nejde. Tedy je\u0161t\u011b do roku 2019 ne\u0161lo. V\u00e1lky a konflikty se st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed vyh\u00fdbaly. Ale po\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 2020 se civilizace za\u010dala celosv\u011btov\u011b pot\u00fdkat s nebezpe\u010d\u00edm poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm ze smrteln\u00e9ho \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho viru. V\u0161ichni v\u00edme a vid\u00edme, co nap\u00e1chal. Kolik lid\u00ed mu podlehlo, kolik lid\u00ed j\u00edm bylo ohro\u017eeno, jak moc se d\u00edky n\u011bmu spole\u010densk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my ot\u0159\u00e1sly ve sv\u00fdch ob\u010dansk\u00fdch a ekonomick\u00fdch z\u00e1kladech. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V t\u011bchto dnech a t\u00fddnech op\u011bt nastupuje s\u00edla tohoto neviditeln\u00e9ho viru a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 s obrovskou razanc\u00ed znovu ohro\u017eovat na\u0161e \u017eivoty. Nechme nyn\u00ed stranou ot\u00e1zky, zda vl\u00e1da ud\u011blala v t\u00e9to v\u011bci to \u010di ono \u0161patn\u011b nebo dob\u0159e. Z\u016fsta\u0148me ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00e1m u sebe a sv\u00fdch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch. M\u016f\u017ee je\u0161t\u011b dnes n\u011bkdo pochybovat o tom, zda virus existuje a zda je opravdu tak nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd? Kupodivu m\u016f\u017ee, a takovou osobou je dokonce i V\u00e1clav Klaus, kter\u00fd p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny ve sv\u00e9m rozhovoru v m\u00e9diu PROSTOR-X sd\u011bluje, \u017ee \u2013 podle n\u011bj \u2013 vlastn\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 epidemie nen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdo v\u011b\u0159it tomu, \u017ee se pandemie zvl\u00e1dne bez toho, ani\u017e se populace proo\u010dkuje? Asi m\u016f\u017ee. Je st\u00e1le velmi mnoho lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed si najdou tis\u00edce d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se nenechat o\u010dkovat. Jedn\u00edm z mnoha p\u0159\u00ed\u010din je katastrof\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161patn\u00e1 m\u00edra informovanosti lid\u00ed st\u00e1tem a t\u0159eba i neust\u00e1l\u00e9 spory o uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed protil\u00e1tek. Ned\u00e1vno byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh rodiny ze Vset\u00ednska, kde sko\u010dili na JIP rodi\u010de a jejich dcera, v\u0161ichni neo\u010dkovan\u00ed. Matka zem\u0159ela, otec st\u00e1le ve v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9m stavu a dcera se z v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho stavu na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed dostala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud se oprost\u00edme od emoc\u00ed, m\u011bli bychom se zamyslet nad t\u00edm, zda vzhledem k rozsahu pandemie nem\u00e1me jakousi povinnost chr\u00e1nit zdrav\u00ed svoje a t\u00edm zdrav\u00ed sv\u00fdch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch a t\u00edm zdrav\u00ed sv\u00fdch spoluob\u010dan\u016f a t\u00edm zdrav\u00ed cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. V\u00edme, \u017ee o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je nejsp\u00ed\u0161 jedinou spolehlivou cestou vedouc\u00ed k tomu, \u017ee se z pandemie stane norm\u00e1ln\u00ed, by\u0165 v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 nemoc, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e nebude ohro\u017eovat spole\u010dnost jako celek, ale pouze jednotlivce, tak jak to u ka\u017ed\u00e9 jin\u00e9 nemoci b\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1me tedy \u2013 nikoli z\u00e1konnou, n\u00fdbr\u017e \u201ejen\u201c mor\u00e1ln\u00ed – povinnost tak u\u010dinit, proto\u017ee m\u00e1me odpov\u011bdnost jednoho v\u016f\u010di druh\u00e9mu. Vlastn\u011b \u2013 m\u011bli bychom m\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9m je ale asi v tom, \u017ee abychom to takto jako cel\u00e1 spole\u010dnost c\u00edtili, mus\u00edme to m\u00edt v sob\u011b zak\u00f3dovan\u00e9. Mus\u00edme tuto odpov\u011bdnost a z toho plynouc\u00ed povinnost se nao\u010dkovat m\u00edt jako p\u0159irozen\u00e9 c\u00edt\u011bn\u00ed probl\u00e9mu (ciz\u00edm slovem se tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 empatie). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

To ale nem\u00e1me. V listopadu 1989 jsme nabyli svobodu, po kter\u00e9 jsme prahli. Ale nenau\u010dili, l\u00e9pe \u0159e\u010deno odnau\u010dili – jsme se ct\u00edt povinnosti, plnit z\u00e1vazky. Cht\u011bli jsme v\u0161ichni v\u0161echno, nejl\u00e9pe hned. P\u0159estali jsme si uv\u011bdomovat, \u017ee ruku v ruce s t\u00edm plynou ka\u017ed\u00e9mu povinnosti, povinnosti platit dluhy, povinnosti nelhat, nekr\u00e1st. V pr\u00e1vu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00fdraz \u201evlastnictv\u00ed zavazuje\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po roce 1989 jsme pozbyli tak\u00e9 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za spoluob\u010dany, za svou vlast. Pr\u00e1v\u011b onen V\u00e1clav Klaus propagoval individualismus, ideologii \u201estarat se s\u00e1m o sebe\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ob\u010das mne napad\u00e1, jak si to p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed propag\u00e1to\u0159i p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 demokracie, tedy syst\u00e9mu, kde jednotlivec individu\u00e1ln\u011b a p\u0159\u00edmo rozhoduje o n\u011b\u010dem, co pak zavazuje v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed funguje zastupitelsk\u00e1, tedy nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 demokracie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aby mohla fungovat demokracie p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1, vy\u017eaduje to jeden z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklad. T\u00edm je vysp\u011blost a odpov\u011bdnost jej\u00edch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, tedy v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ob\u010dan\u016f. \u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 konfederace m\u00e1 s p\u0159\u00edmou demokraci\u00ed bohat\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a za stovky let fungov\u00e1n\u00ed tamn\u00edho politick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu se dok\u00e1zali ubr\u00e1nit exces\u016fm, kter\u00e9 by z n\u011bj mohly plynout (zkusme si p\u0159edstavit ot\u00e1zku do referenda: \u201ejste pro zru\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00ed \u2013 ANO\/NE?\u201c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

My jsme pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 demokracie vyzkou\u0161eli dvakr\u00e1t p\u0159i volb\u011b sou\u010dasn\u00e9 hlavy st\u00e1tu. A d\u016fsledky t\u00e9to volby lidem vid\u00edme dodnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A dnes prob\u00edh\u00e1 v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice sice nevypsan\u00e9, ale nesm\u00edrn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9: referendum o o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. A jak se chov\u00e1me? To vid\u00edme na p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstc\u00edch naka\u017een\u00fdch a mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ed rokem jsme to sledovali s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdma rukama, jedin\u00e9, co bylo k dispozici, byly \u201edoma ru\u010dn\u011b u\u0161it\u00e9 rou\u0161ky\u201c. Dnes m\u00e1me vakc\u00ednu i l\u00e9ky. Ale cht\u011blo by se \u0159\u00edct: \u201eje to marn\u00e9, je to marn\u00e9, je to marn\u00e9\u201c. Nem\u00e1me odpov\u011bdnost, nec\u00edt\u00edme povinnost chr\u00e1nit ani sebe, nato\u017e druh\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skoro by se cht\u011blo dodat: zaslou\u017e\u00edme si v\u016fbec svobodu, kterou m\u00e1me? P\u0159i\u0161li jsme k n\u00ed \u2013 jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201epo haluzi\u201c a nyn\u00ed, kdy by se m\u011blo uk\u00e1zat, zda si ji zaslou\u017e\u00edme, tak zase lav\u00edrujeme, pochybujeme, odm\u00edt\u00e1me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konvertujeme k tomu, \u017ee o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed bude vym\u00e1h\u00e1no. Motivac\u00ed, nebo metodou cukru a bi\u010de, nebo z\u00e1konem. Vl\u00e1d\u011b (jak\u00e9koli) toti\u017e mo\u017en\u00e1 nic jin\u00e9ho nezbude. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dej B\u016fh, abychom u\u017e kone\u010dn\u011b dostali rozum a konali spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u011bci dobrovoln\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PS: je mi l\u00edto sest\u0159i\u010dek a doktor\u016f na JIPk\u00e1ch, mus\u00ed to b\u00fdt hrozn\u011b depres\u00edvn\u00ed, o\u0161et\u0159ovat pacienty, kte\u0159\u00ed – v\u011bt\u0161inou neo\u010dkovan\u00ed – jsou tam vlastn\u011b celkem zbyte\u010dn\u011b\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-mn-<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Plat\u00ed \u00faslov\u00ed, \u017ee svoboda jednotlivce kon\u010d\u00ed tam, kde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 svoboda jin\u00e9ho jednotlivce. V Listin\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a svobod, kter\u00e1 je<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[90],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7345"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7345"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7346,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7345\/revisions\/7346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}