{"id":2499,"date":"2016-10-27T06:20:58","date_gmt":"2016-10-27T06:20:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/?p=2499"},"modified":"2016-11-11T11:24:35","modified_gmt":"2016-11-11T11:24:35","slug":"uvodnik-o-maturite-a-maturantech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/?p=2499","title":{"rendered":"\u00davodn\u00edk: O maturit\u011b a maturantech"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"ctv\"<\/a>U\u017e je to n\u011bjak\u00fd p\u00e1tek, co jsem si maturitn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku neboli zkou\u0161ku dosp\u011blosti odbyl na blanensk\u00e9m gymn\u00e1ziu. Na l\u00e9ta studi\u00ed a konec konc\u016f i na maturitu s odstupem \u010dasu vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m velmi r\u00e1d. A\u010dkoli jsem nepat\u0159il zrovna k piln\u00fdm student\u016fm, na z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dnou zkou\u0161ku jsem se nakonec poctiv\u011b p\u0159ipravil. Bylo to t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, st\u00e1lo m\u011b to mnoho sil, probd\u011bl\u00fdch noc\u00ed a nerv\u016f, ale maturita, kterou jsme v t\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u0161ichni pova\u017eovali za jednu z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zkou\u0161ek v \u017eivot\u011b, byla zd\u00e1rn\u011b za mnou. Jak jsou na tom maturanti? Jakou v\u00e1hu m\u00e1 tato zkou\u0161ka dnes?<\/b><\/p>\n

P\u0159i\u0161el mi anonym. Nalo\u017eil jsem s n\u00edm tak, jak se slu\u0161\u00ed a pat\u0159\u00ed \u2013 skon\u010dil v ko\u0161i. Po jeho p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed mi ale hluboko v hlav\u011b odpo\u010d\u00edval mohutn\u00fd brouk. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, obsahem dopisu bylo rozho\u0159\u010den\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed maminky studentky jedn\u00e9 z blanensk\u00fdch st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol, \u017ee jej\u00ed dcera spole\u010dn\u011b s dal\u0161\u00edmi asi dv\u011bma t\u0159etinami t\u0159\u00eddy nesplnila maturitn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku. To, \u017ee n\u011bkdo neud\u011bl\u00e1 maturitu, nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 katastrofa, sp\u00ed\u0161 mne zarazilo ono \u010d\u00edslo. Dv\u011b t\u0159etiny cel\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy? To je p\u0159ece jen trochu moc.<\/p>\n

Rozhodl jsem se tedy zavolat \u0159editelce \u0161koly. Ta byla velmi ochotn\u00e1 a sd\u011blila mi, \u017ee sice nem\u00e1 \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla, a tud\u00ed\u017e nev\u00ed, zda \u0161lo skute\u010dn\u011b o dv\u011b t\u0159etiny student\u016f, av\u0161ak s jistotou mi mohla potvrdit, \u017ee v jedn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b probl\u00e9m byl. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u0161ichni jejich studenti pro\u0161li praktickou i p\u00edsemnou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed maturitn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky a poho\u0159eli u didaktick\u00fdch test\u016f z \u010desk\u00e9ho a ciz\u00edho jazyka, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1ny st\u00e1tem. Slovy pan\u00ed \u0159editelky \u2013 chyba bude z\u0159ejm\u011b jak ve studentech samotn\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed podcenili p\u0159\u00edpravu na zkou\u0161ku, tak i v syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e souhlasit. V dob\u011b internetu, kde jsou didaktick\u00e9 testy online k vyzkou\u0161en\u00ed, katalog po\u017eadovan\u00fdch znalost\u00ed, stovky zdroj\u016f a odkaz\u016f a miliony str\u00e1nek se studijn\u00edmi materi\u00e1ly, je to opravdu jen o osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b a p\u0159\u00edstupu. Ale kantor ve \u0161kole sed\u00ed taky proto, aby sv\u00e9 studenty na zkou\u0161ku p\u0159ipravil. T\u011b\u017eko \u00edct, kde byl probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Nemysl\u00edm si, \u017ee kl\u00e1st stejn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky maturant\u016fm ve v\u0161ech \u0161kol\u00e1ch v republice je spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 v\u011bc. Test z \u010de\u0161tiny a ciz\u00edho jazyka dostane podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9 legislativy na chlup stejn\u00fd jak student odborn\u00e9ho u\u010dili\u0161t\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na elektroniku, tak i student elitn\u00edho gymn\u00e1zia. V\u0161ichni na shodnou startovn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ru! Nab\u00edz\u00ed se ot\u00e1zka, pro\u010d se na studijn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed gymn\u00e1zium hl\u00e1sit. M\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ece chodit na jinou, jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u0161kolu, kdy\u017e ve v\u00fdsledku budeme postaveni p\u0159ed shodn\u00fd test! Nehled\u011b na to, \u017ee hodinov\u00e9 dotace budou u student\u016f gymn\u00e1zia v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky odborn\u00e9 \u0161koly, kter\u00fdm ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fdden p\u00e1r dn\u00ed ukroj\u00ed povinn\u00e1 praxe, patrn\u011b rozd\u00edln\u00e9. Tohle jsou shodn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky?<\/p>\n

Abych nepl\u00e1cal jen tak do v\u011btru slova o tom, \u017ee se dnes d\u00e1v\u00e1 maturita student\u016fm zadarmo, otev\u0159el jsem si web www.novamaturita.cz a vyzkou\u0161el si leto\u0161n\u00ed maturitn\u00ed didaktick\u00fd test z \u010desk\u00e9ho jazyka na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei. A v\u00fdsledek? Pro\u0161el bych. Probl\u00e9my mi d\u011blaly sp\u00ed\u0161e ot\u00e1zky z literatury, kter\u00fdch ov\u0161em v testu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nebylo, naopak v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch z pravopisu se mi n\u011bkter\u00e9 body zd\u00e1ly a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 jednoduch\u00e9. Taky jsem se zastavil nad slovn\u00edm pojmem epizeuxis, ale jak jsem pozd\u011bji zjistil, bylo to jedno z leto\u0161n\u00edch hodn\u011b diskutovan\u00fdch t\u00e9mat. V testu to zjevn\u011b nem\u011blo co d\u011blat. A\u010dkoli podm\u00ednky stanov\u00ed toto pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed zn\u00e1t, v praktick\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b se s n\u00edm nesetk\u00e1te, ani v\u00e1s nenapadne jej pou\u017e\u00edt. B\u016fhv\u00ed kolik student\u016f pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli tomuto bodu bude muset test na podzim opakovat…<\/p>\n

\u010ce\u0161tinu by m\u011bl ovl\u00e1dat ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo chce usp\u011bt u maturitn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky. Pravopis rozhodn\u011b. A v\u011bd\u011bt, kdo byla Bo\u017eena N\u011bmcov\u00e1, Franti\u0161ek Palack\u00fd nebo Jan Werich, by m\u011blo pat\u0159it k obecn\u00e9mu kulturn\u00edmu a liter\u00e1rn\u00edmu rozhledu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s, nejen absolventa st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly. To je, mysl\u00edm, zcela bez debat. Kdy\u017e vid\u00edm, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se dnes v\u011bt\u0161ina d\u011bt\u00ed, ale i dosp\u011bl\u00fdch (i t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed maturitu!) vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed, je mi z toho velmi smutno. H\u00e1\u010dky, \u010d\u00e1rky, interpunkce, pravopisn\u00e9 chyby\u2026 To je v\u0161ak t\u00e9ma na jin\u00fd \u00favodn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Podle posledn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v \u010dek\u00e1 studenty od roku 2020 nov\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed povinn\u00fd maturitn\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt \u2013 matematika. M\u00e1m velik\u00e9 \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, \u017ee se toho jako student nedo\u010dk\u00e1m, nebo\u0165 tento p\u0159edm\u011bt se mi na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole jevil jako velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed si v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b vysta\u010d\u00edm (a mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina z n\u00e1s to m\u00e1 stejn\u011b) s rozsahem u\u010diva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly. Nechci v\u011b\u0161tit z k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00e9 koule, ale p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee povinn\u00e1 maturita z matematiky nepovede k ni\u010demu dobr\u00e9mu. Nedovedu si p\u0159edstavit, k \u010demu absolvent konzervato\u0159e vyu\u017eije integr\u00e1ly \u010di derivace, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b logaritmick\u00e9 prav\u00edtko, ale snad p\u00e1nov\u00e9 a d\u00e1my na ministerstvu \u0161kolstv\u00ed v\u011bd\u00ed, co d\u011blaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Slovo maturita dnes rozhodn\u011b nem\u00e1 takovou v\u00e1hu jako d\u0159\u00edv. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed p\u00e1r lety to byl \u017eivotn\u00ed bod, kter\u00e9ho jen tak n\u011bkdo nedos\u00e1hl. Jen pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 zat\u00edmco v roce 1991 bylo 30% populace \u0161\u0165astn\u00fdmi dr\u017eiteli \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho maturitn\u00edho vysv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, dnes je toto \u010d\u00edslo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 a st\u00e1le se zvy\u0161uje. Jen letos maturovalo 77% v\u011bkov\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edku. Hovo\u0159\u00ed to o celkov\u00e9 \u00farovni vzd\u011blanosti na\u0161eho n\u00e1roda nebo jde sp\u00ed\u0161 o to, \u017ee na maturitn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku dnes d\u00edky jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupnosti dos\u00e1hne ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd?<\/p>\n

Martin M\u00fcller<\/b><\/p>\n

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U\u017e je to n\u011bjak\u00fd p\u00e1tek, co jsem si maturitn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku neboli zkou\u0161ku dosp\u011blosti odbyl na blanensk\u00e9m gymn\u00e1ziu. Na l\u00e9ta studi\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":582,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2499"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2499"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3131,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2499\/revisions\/3131"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monitor-bk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}